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Persistent Visual SLAM with Cold-Start Relocalization

An RGB-D pipeline built around NVIDIA's cuVSLAM. It loads TUM sequences, tracks camera pose, fuses depth into a dense point cloud, and saves the map so a fresh tracker can localize back into it from a cold start.

What it does

cuVSLAM handles the visual odometry and map storage. The pipeline loads TUM RGB-D sequences with time-aligned color and depth frames, runs them through the tracker, fuses the depth into a dense world point cloud, saves the map to disk, and then measures whether a completely fresh tracker instance can localize itself back into that saved map from a cold start.

The relocalization test builds a map over 301 frames, saves it, then hands a fresh tracker with no history the same scene and asks where it is. It gets within 5.99 mm at frame 155. cuVSLAM is what powers the matching.

Results

Tested on TUM RGB-D freiburg3_long_office_household:

Metric Value
Relocalization translation error 5.99 mm at frame 155
Map build 301 RGB-D pairs (frames 0–300)
Dense reconstruction 265,288 vertices after 2 cm voxel downsampling
Conditions Cold start after map save, warm-up tracking on frames 150–155

Stack

  • cuVSLAM for GPU-accelerated visual odometry and map persistence
  • Open3D for dense RGB-D fusion and point cloud output
  • YOLOv8 for object detection, back-projected into world coordinates using the tracked pose
  • Rerun for live trajectory, landmark, and detection visualization
  • Python 3.12, CUDA 12.9

Developed on an NVIDIA Tesla T4 through the UMN CSE compute cluster.

Running it

Paths and CUDA setup are environment-specific. Set VSLAM_COLDSTART_SCRATCH and VSLAM_COLDSTART_DATASET, or let them fall back to the defaults under the repo root. From the repo root with src on PYTHONPATH:

python src/test_relocalization.py
python src/dense_pointcloud.py
python src/track_tum.py

Requires the TUM freiburg3_long_office_household dataset available locally.

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cuVSLAM-based spatial mapping project

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