[SQL Server 2022 CU26 on Linux] sp_adddistributor triggers fatal assertion (xdesimp.h:509, Msg 3624) — transactional replication completely broken

[jiangoxford]

Version

• Product: Microsoft SQL Server 2022 (RTM-CU26)
• Build: 16.0.4265.3
• OS: Ubuntu 22.04 (Docker container, mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2022-CU26-ubuntu-22.04)
• Deployment: Docker Compose, two-node topology (Publisher+Distributor → Subscriber)

Steps to Reproduce

-- 1. Start a fresh SQL Server 2022 CU26 container with Agent enabled
-- 2. Connect with sqlcmd and run:
EXEC sp_adddistributor @distributor = @@SERVERNAME, @password = N'<any_password>';